Systems and methods for pedestal configuration

ABSTRACT

Exemplary apparatuses for centering and/or leveling a pedestal of a processing chamber may include a mounting block having a central axis, a set of first gauges mounted on the mounting block, and a set of second gauges mounted on the mounting block. The set of second gauges may be mounted substantially perpendicular to the set of first gauges. The plurality of first gauges may be configured to obtain measurements indicative of a degree of parallelism between a gas distribution plate of the processing chamber and the pedestal. The plurality of second gauges may be configured to obtain measurements indicative of a degree of axial alignment of a ring member of the processing chamber and the pedestal. The exemplary apparatuses may be used for centering and/or leveling the pedestal under vacuum.

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/702,675, filed Jul. 24, 2018. The entire contents of that application are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present technology relates to semiconductor processes and equipment. More specifically, the present technology relates to centering and/or leveling a pedestal of a semiconductor processing chamber.

BACKGROUND

Integrated circuits are made possible by processes which produce intricately patterned material layers on substrate surfaces. As device sizes continue to shrink in next-generation devices, uniformity of processing conditions continues to increase in importance, chamber designs and system set-up may have an important role in the quality of devices produced. Thus, there is a need for systems and methods that can be used to produce high quality devices and structures.

SUMMARY

Exemplary apparatuses may include an annular mounting block, a plurality of first gauges, and a plurality of second gauges. The annular mounting may include a central axis, a sidewall about the central axis, and a mounting platform extending radially inward from the sidewall toward the central axis. The plurality of first gauges may be mounted on the mounting platform such that the plurality of first gauges may be oriented substantially parallel to the central axis. The plurality of first gauges may be configured to obtain a first plurality of measurements indicative of relative distances between a plane that may be substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the annular mounting block and measured points. The plurality of second gauges may be mounted on the mounting platform such that the plurality of second gauges may be oriented substantially perpendicular to the central axis and a measuring tip of each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges may extend radially beyond the sidewall of the annular mounting block. The plurality of second gauges may be configured to obtain a second plurality of measurements indicative of relative distances between the central axis of the annular mounting block and measured points.

In some embodiments, the plurality of first gauges may include at least three dial gauges. The plurality of second gauges may include at least three dial gauges. In some embodiments, a measuring tip of each first gauge of the plurality of first gauges may include a flat tip. The measuring tip of each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges may include a roller tip.

In some embodiments, the sidewall of the annular mounting block may be characterized by a plurality of reference surfaces. Each reference surface of the plurality of reference surfaces may be substantially parallel to the central axis of the annular mounting block. Each reference surface of the plurality of reference surfaces may be positioned at an equal distance from the central axis of the annular mounting block. Each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges may be mounted above one reference surface of the plurality of reference surfaces such that the measuring tip of each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges may extend radially beyond the reference surface of the plurality of reference surfaces below.

In some embodiments, the exemplary apparatuses may further include a reference plate. The reference plate may include a raised portion. The raised portion may be characterized by a flat surface. The reference plate may be releasably attached to the mounting platform of the annular mounting block. The annular mounting block may define a recess such that, when the reference plate may be attached to the annular mounting block, the raised portion of the reference plate may be received within the recess of the annular mounting block, and the flat surface may face a floor of the recess and may be suspended from the floor of the recess.

In some embodiments, the exemplary apparatuses may further include a gauge spindle compressor. The gauge spindle compressor may be positionable about the central axis of the annular mounting block. The gauge spindle compressor may define a tapered inner surface. The tapered inner surface may be configured to compress a gauge spindle of each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges when the gauge spindle compressor may be positioned about the central axis of the annular mounting block and the annular mounting block may translate along the central axis of the annular mounting block.

In some embodiments, the exemplary apparatuses may further include a leveling reference plate and a zero setter. The leveling reference plate may be characterized by a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a plurality of openings. The zero setter may include a cylindrical body. The cylindrical body may include a plurality of protrusions extending from a first surface of the cylindrical body. Each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions of the zero setter may be configured to be received in an opening of the plurality of openings of the leveling reference plate. Each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions may be characterized by a height dimension that may be less than a thickness dimension of the leveling reference plate defined by the first surface and the second surface of the leveling reference plate such that the plurality of protrusions may not extend beyond the second surface of the leveling reference plate when the plurality of protrusions of the zero setter may be received in the plurality of openings of the leveling reference plate. The zero setter may further include a plate member. The plate member may be supported by the cylindrical body. When the plurality of protrusions of the zero setter may be received in the plurality of openings of the leveling reference plate, the zero setter may be supported by the leveling reference plate such that a first surface of the plate member of the zero setter may be parallel to the first surface of the leveling reference plate.

The present technology may also include exemplary methods. The exemplary methods may include collecting, via a plurality of first dial gauges, a first set of measurements. The first set of measurements may be indicative of relative distances between a plurality of locations at a gas distribution member of a semiconductor processing chamber and a top surface of a pedestal of the semiconductor processing chamber. The exemplary methods may further include adjusting the pedestal to a first position based on the first set of measurements such that the top surface of the pedestal may be substantially parallel to a bottom surface of the gas distribution member.

In some embodiments, the exemplary methods may further include reducing a pressure inside the semiconductor processing chamber toward vacuum prior to collecting the first set of measurements. In some embodiments, the exemplary methods may further include raising the pedestal to position a flat tip of a gauge spindle of each first dial gauge of the plurality of first dial gauges in contact with the bottom surface of the gas distribution member. In some embodiments, the exemplary methods may further include zeroing the plurality of first dial gauges with respect to the top surface of the pedestal.

In some embodiments, the exemplary methods may further include collecting, via a plurality of second dial gauges, a second set of measurements. The second set of measurements may be indicative of relative distances between a plurality of locations at a ring member of the semiconductor processing chamber and a central axis of the pedestal. The exemplary methods may further include adjusting the pedestal to a second position based on the second set of measurements such that the central axis of the pedestal and a central axis of the ring member may be aligned.

In some embodiments, the exemplary methods may further include placing a gauge spindle compressor inside a chamber body of the semiconductor processing chamber. The gauge spindle compressor may include a tapered inner surface. The exemplary methods may also include raising the pedestal to cause a roller tip of a gauge spindle of each second dial gauge of the plurality of second dial gauges to slide along the tapered inner surface and pass the tapered inner surface until the roller tip of the gauge spindle of each second dial gauge of the plurality of second dial gauges may be positioned against an inner surface of the ring member of the semiconductor processing chamber.

In some embodiments, the plurality of first dial gauges and/or the plurality of second dial gauges may be mounted on a mounting block. In some embodiments, the exemplary methods may further include placing the mounting block around the pedestal. The mounting block may include a plurality of protrusions to be received inside a plurality of recesses at the pedestal such that, when the mounting block may be placed around the pedestal, a central axis of the mounting block and the central axis of the pedestal may be aligned.

The present technology may also include additional exemplary apparatuses. The exemplary apparatuses may include a gauge mounting block, a plurality of first gauges, and a plurality of second gauges. The plurality of first gauges may be mounted on the gauge mounting block. The plurality of first gauges may be configured to obtain measurements that may be indicative of a degree of parallelism between a first component of a lid stack of a semiconductor processing chamber and a pedestal of the semiconductor processing chamber. The plurality of second gauges may be mounted on the gauge mounting block. The plurality of second gauges may be configured to obtain measurements that may be indicative of a degree of axial alignment between a second component of the lid stack and the pedestal.

In some embodiments, the semiconductor processing chamber may further include a chamber body. The lid stack may be configured to be opened and closed relative to the chamber body such that a pressure inside the semiconductor processing chamber may be reduced toward vacuum when the lid stack may be closed. The plurality of first gauges may be configured to obtain the measurements that may be indicative of the degree of parallelism between the first component of the lid stack and the pedestal under vacuum. The plurality of second gauges may be configured to obtain the measurements that may be indicative of the degree of axial alignment between the second component of the lid stack and the pedestal under vacuum.

In some embodiments, the gauge mounting block may include a central axis, a sidewall about the central axis, and a mounting platform extending radially inward from the sidewall toward the central axis. The plurality of first gauges and/or the plurality of second gauges may be mounted on the mounting platform. The plurality of second gauges may be oriented substantially perpendicular to the plurality of first gauges.

In some embodiments, the exemplary apparatuses may further include a gauge spindle compressor. The gauge spindle compressor may be configured to be positioned about a central axis of the pedestal. The gauge spindle compressor may include a tapered inner surface. The tapered inner surface may be configured to engage and compress a roller tip of each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges.

In some embodiments, the first component of the lid stack may include a plate member. The degree of parallelism may be determined between a lower surface of the plate member and an upper surface of the pedestal. In some embodiments, the second component of the lid stack may include a ring member.

The present technology may provide numerous benefits over conventional systems and techniques. For example, the present technology may allow a pedestal of a processing chamber to be centered and/or leveled under atmospheric or vacuum conditions. The present technology may transmit measured data wirelessly and/or using wired connections to a remote computer outside the processing chamber for an operator to center and/or level the pedestal. The present technology can achieve resolution and/or accuracy comparable to conventional systems and techniques, but may significantly reduce cost. These and other embodiments, along with many of their advantages and features, may be described in more detail in conjunction with the below description and attached figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the disclosed technology may be realized by reference to the remaining portions of the specification and the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a top plan view of one embodiment of an exemplary processing system according to embodiments of the present technology.

FIG. 2A shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary processing chamber according to embodiments of the present technology.

FIG. 2B shows a detailed view of a portion of the processing chamber illustrated in FIG. 2A according to embodiments of the present technology.

FIG. 3 shows a bottom plan view of an exemplary showerhead according to embodiments of the present technology.

FIG. 4A shows a perspective view of an exemplary apparatus for centering and/or leveling a pedestal of a processing chamber according to embodiments of the present technology.

FIG. 4B shows a cross-sectional view of the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 4A.

FIG. 5A shows a top perspective view of an exemplary reference plate of the exemplary apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B according to embodiments of the present technology.

FIG. 5B shows a bottom perspective view of the reference plate illustrated in FIG. 5A.

FIG. 6A shows a top perspective view of an exemplary zero setter of the exemplary apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B according to embodiments of the present technology.

FIG. 6B shows a bottom perspective view of the zero setter illustrated in FIG. 6A.

FIG. 6C shows a perspective cross-sectional view of the zero setter illustrated in FIG. 6A.

FIG. 7A shows a perspective cross-sectional view of an exemplary gauge spindle compressor of the exemplary apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B according to embodiments of the present technology.

FIG. 7B shows an enlarged view of a portion of the gauge spindle compressor illustrated in FIG. 7A.

FIG. 8 shows exemplary operations in a method for centering and/or leveling a pedestal of a processing chamber according to embodiments of the present technology.

FIGS. 9A-9H illustrates select operations of the method of FIG. 8 using various components of the exemplary apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B according to embodiments of the present technology.

Several of the figures are included as schematics. It is to be understood that the figures are for illustrative purposes, and are not to be considered of scale unless specifically stated to be of scale. Additionally, as schematics, the figures are provided to aid comprehension and may not include all aspects or information compared to realistic representations, and may include exaggerated material for illustrative purposes.

In the appended figures, similar components and/or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a letter that distinguishes among the similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the letter.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

During semiconductor processing, etching and/or deposition uniformity may be sensitive to the axial alignment between a pedestal in the chamber body, on which a substrate may be placed for processing, and lid stack components through which various processing gases and precursors may be delivered and/or distributed into the chamber and onto the substrate. The etching and/or deposition uniformity may also be sensitive to the parallelism between the pedestal and the gas distribution components in the lid stack.

Some conventional tools may center the pedestal with respect to the chamber body and/or may level the pedestal with respect to a top surface of the chamber body under atmospheric conditions. However, the lid stack may be hinged to the chamber body and may be opened and closed relative to the chamber body. When the lid stack may be closed, the gas distribution components of the lid stack may not be axially aligned with the chamber body and/or parallel to the top surface of the chamber body. Consequently, the gas distribution components of the lid stack components may not be axially aligned with and/or parallel to the pedestal, affecting processing uniformity. Further, when the chamber pressure may be reduced to vacuum, movement of components during the pumping process may also affect the axial alignment and parallelism between the gas distribution components and the pedestal.

Some conventional technologies utilizing capacitance based sensors may center or level the pedestal under vacuum. However, the cost for capacitance based sensors and the related centering and/or leveling technologies can be very high. Further, data wires may be required in some conventional technologies to transmit measurements obtained by the capacitance based sensors to an operator's device outside the processing chamber.

The present technology overcomes these issues by utilizing dial gauges that may be configured to determine the parallelism between the pedestal and the gas distribution components in the lid stack and/or to determine the axial alignment therebetween. The present technology may transmit the measured data wirelessly to a remote computer for an operator to center and/or level the pedestal. The present technology may allow the pedestal of the processing chamber to be centered and/or leveled under atmospheric or vacuum conditions. The present technology can achieve resolution and/or accuracy comparable to conventional capacitance basis sensors, but may reduce the cost by at least 70% or more.

Although the remaining disclosure will routinely identify centering and/or leveling specific components of a processing chamber with respect to other components of the processing chamber utilizing the disclosed technology, the technology should not be considered to be so limited as for centering and/or leveling the identified components only. Moreover, although exemplary semiconductor processing chambers are described to aid understanding of the present technology, the technology should not be considered to be so limited as for centering and/or leveling components of semiconductor processing chambers only or to the exemplary chamber described. It is to be understood that the present technology can be utilized for any type of processing chamber, as well as other applications where centering and/or leveling components may be beneficial.

FIG. 1 shows a top plan view of one embodiment of a processing system 100 of deposition, etching, baking, and curing chambers according to embodiments. In the figure, a pair of front opening unified pods (FOUPs) 102 supply substrates of a variety of sizes that are received by robotic arms 104 and placed into a low pressure holding area 106 before being placed into one of the substrate processing chambers 108 a-f, positioned in tandem sections 109 a-c. A second robotic arm 110 may be used to transport the substrate wafers from the holding area 106 to the substrate processing chambers 108 a-f and back. Each substrate processing chamber 108 a-f, can be outfitted to perform a number of substrate processing operations including the dry etch processes described herein in addition to cyclical layer deposition (CLD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), etch, pre-clean, degas, orientation, and other substrate processes.

The substrate processing chambers 108 a-f may include one or more system components for depositing, annealing, curing and/or etching a dielectric or metallic film on the substrate wafer. In one configuration, two pairs of the processing chambers, e.g., 108 c-d and 108 e-f, may be used to deposit material on the substrate, and the third pair of processing chambers, e.g., 108 a-b, may be used to etch the deposited material. In another configuration, all three pairs of chambers, e.g., 108 a-f, may be configured to etch a dielectric or metallic film on the substrate. Any one or more of the processes described may be carried out in chamber(s) separated from the fabrication system shown in different embodiments. It will be appreciated that additional configurations of deposition, etching, annealing, and curing chambers for dielectric films are contemplated by system 100.

FIG. 2A shows a cross-sectional view of an exemplary process chamber system 200 with partitioned plasma generation regions within the processing chamber. During film etching, e.g., titanium nitride, tantalum nitride, tungsten, copper, cobalt, silicon, polysilicon, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon oxycarbide, etc., a process gas may be flowed into the first plasma region 215 through a gas inlet assembly 205. A remote plasma system (RPS) 201 may optionally be included in the system, and may process a first gas which then travels through gas inlet assembly 205. The inlet assembly 205 may include two or more distinct gas supply channels where the second channel (not shown) may bypass the RPS 201, if included.

A cooling plate 203, faceplate 217, ion suppressor 223, showerhead 225, and a substrate support or pedestal 265, having a substrate 255 disposed thereon, are shown and may each be included according to embodiments. The pedestal 265 may have a heat exchange channel through which a heat exchange fluid flows to control the temperature of the substrate, which may be operated to heat and/or cool the substrate or wafer during processing operations. The wafer support platter of the pedestal 265, which may comprise aluminum, ceramic, or a combination thereof, may also be resistively heated in order to achieve relatively high temperatures, such as from up to or about 100° C. to above or about 600° C., using an embedded resistive heater element. The pedestal 265 may include an edge ring 266 positioned on a recessed ledge of the pedestal 265.

The faceplate 217 may be pyramidal, conical, or of another similar structure with a narrow top portion expanding to a wide bottom portion. The faceplate 217 may additionally be flat as shown and include a plurality of through-channels used to distribute process gases. Plasma generating gases and/or plasma excited species, depending on use of the RPS 201, may pass through a plurality of holes, shown in FIG. 2B, in faceplate 217 for a more uniform delivery into the first plasma region 215.

Exemplary configurations may include having the gas inlet assembly 205 open into a gas supply region 258 partitioned from the first plasma region 215 by faceplate 217 so that the gases/species flow through the holes in the faceplate 217 into the first plasma region 215. Structural and operational features may be selected to prevent significant backflow of plasma from the first plasma region 215 back into the supply region 258, gas inlet assembly 205, and fluid supply system 210. The faceplate 217, or a conductive top portion of the chamber, and showerhead 225 are shown with an insulating ring 220 located between the features, which allows an AC potential to be applied to the faceplate 217 relative to showerhead 225 and/or ion suppressor 223. The insulating ring 220 may be positioned between the faceplate 217 and the showerhead 225 and/or ion suppressor 223 enabling a capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) to be formed in the first plasma region. A baffle (not shown) may additionally be located in the first plasma region 215, or otherwise coupled with gas inlet assembly 205, to affect the flow of fluid into the region through gas inlet assembly 205.

The ion suppressor 223 may comprise a plate or other geometry that defines a plurality of apertures throughout the structure that are configured to suppress the migration of ionically-charged species out of the first plasma region 215 while allowing uncharged neutral or radical species to pass through the ion suppressor 223 into an activated gas delivery region between the suppressor and the showerhead. In embodiments, the ion suppressor 223 may comprise a perforated plate with a variety of aperture configurations. These uncharged species may include highly reactive species that are transported with less reactive carrier gas through the apertures. As noted above, the migration of ionic species through the holes may be reduced, and in some instances completely suppressed. Controlling the amount of ionic species passing through the ion suppressor 223 may advantageously provide increased control over the gas mixture brought into contact with the underlying wafer substrate, which in turn may increase control of the deposition and/or etch characteristics of the gas mixture. For example, adjustments in the ion concentration of the gas mixture can significantly alter its etch selectivity, e.g., SiNx:SiOx etch ratios, Si:SiOx etch ratios, etc. In alternative embodiments in which deposition is performed, it can also shift the balance of conformal-to-flowable style depositions for dielectric materials.

The plurality of apertures in the ion suppressor 223 may be configured to control the passage of the activated gas, i.e., the ionic, radical, and/or neutral species, through the ion suppressor 223. For example, the aspect ratio of the holes, or the hole diameter to length, and/or the geometry of the holes may be controlled so that the flow of ionically-charged species in the activated gas passing through the ion suppressor 223 is reduced. The holes in the ion suppressor 223 may include a tapered portion that faces the plasma excitation region 215, and a cylindrical portion that faces the showerhead 225. The cylindrical portion may be shaped and dimensioned to control the flow of ionic species passing to the showerhead 225. An adjustable electrical bias may also be applied to the ion suppressor 223 as an additional means to control the flow of ionic species through the suppressor.

The ion suppressor 223 may function to reduce or eliminate the amount of ionically charged species traveling from the plasma generation region to the substrate. Uncharged neutral and radical species may still pass through the openings in the ion suppressor to react with the substrate. It should be noted that the complete elimination of ionically charged species in the reaction region surrounding the substrate may not be performed in embodiments. In certain instances, ionic species are intended to reach the substrate in order to perform the etch and/or deposition process. In these instances, the ion suppressor may help to control the concentration of ionic species in the reaction region at a level that assists the process.

Showerhead 225 in combination with ion suppressor 223 may allow a plasma present in first plasma region 215 to avoid directly exciting gases in substrate processing region 233, while still allowing excited species to travel from chamber plasma region 215 into substrate processing region 233. In this way, the chamber may be configured to prevent the plasma from contacting a substrate 255 being etched. This may advantageously protect a variety of intricate structures and films patterned on the substrate, which may be damaged, dislocated, or otherwise warped if directly contacted by a generated plasma. Additionally, when plasma is allowed to contact the substrate or approach the substrate level, the rate at which oxide species etch may increase. Accordingly, if an exposed region of material is oxide, this material may be further protected by maintaining the plasma remotely from the substrate.

The processing system may further include a power supply 240 electrically coupled with the processing chamber to provide electric power to the faceplate 217, ion suppressor 223, showerhead 225, and/or pedestal 265 to generate a plasma in the first plasma region 215 or processing region 233. The power supply may be configured to deliver an adjustable amount of power to the chamber depending on the process performed. Such a configuration may allow for a tunable plasma to be used in the processes being performed. Unlike a remote plasma unit, which is often presented with on or off functionality, a tunable plasma may be configured to deliver a specific amount of power to the plasma region 215. This in turn may allow development of particular plasma characteristics such that precursors may be dissociated in specific ways to enhance the etching profiles produced by these precursors.

A plasma may be ignited either in chamber plasma region 215 above showerhead 225 or substrate processing region 233 below showerhead 225. Plasma may be present in chamber plasma region 215 to produce the radical precursors from an inflow of, for example, a fluorine-containing precursor or other precursor. An AC voltage typically in the radio frequency (RF) range may be applied between the conductive top portion of the processing chamber, such as faceplate 217, and showerhead 225 and/or ion suppressor 223 to ignite a plasma in chamber plasma region 215 during deposition. An RF power supply may generate a high RF frequency of 13.56 MHz but may also generate other frequencies alone or in combination with the 13.56 MHz frequency.

As shown in FIG. 2A, during processing the pedestal 265 may be raised so that a top surface of the pedestal 265 and the substrate 255 supported thereon may be raised above a pumping liner 270 of the processing chamber 200. The substrate 255 may be enveloped or surrounded by a spacer ring 280 of the processing chamber 200 for processing. The spacer ring 280 and various components on or above the spacer ring 280, such as the cooling plate 203, the faceplate 217, the ion suppressor 223, the showerhead 225 and so on, may be assembled in a lid stack of the processing chamber 220, and may be centered with respect to an axis of the lid stack or a common axis of the various lid stack components. The pumping liner 270 and various components below the pumping liner 270, including the pedestal 265 may be assembled in a chamber body of the processing chamber 200 and may be centered with respect to an axis of the chamber body or a common axis of the various chamber body components. During processing, the axis of the chamber body and the axis of the lid stack may be aligned such that the pedestal 265 and the substrate 255 supported thereon may be centered and/or parallel to the faceplate 217, the ion suppressor 223, and/or the showerhead 225 to achieve uniform processing.

FIG. 2B shows a detailed view 253 of the features affecting the processing gas distribution through faceplate 217. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, faceplate 217, cooling plate 203, and gas inlet assembly 205 intersect to define a gas supply region 258 into which process gases may be delivered from gas inlet 205. The gases may fill the gas supply region 258 and flow to first plasma region 215 through apertures 259 in faceplate 217. The apertures 259 may be configured to direct flow in a substantially unidirectional manner such that process gases may flow into processing region 233, but may be partially or fully prevented from backflow into the gas supply region 258 after traversing the faceplate 217.

The gas distribution assemblies such as showerhead 225 for use in the processing chamber section 200 may be referred to as dual channel showerheads (DCSH) and are additionally detailed in the embodiments described in FIG. 3. The dual channel showerhead may provide for etching processes that allow for separation of etchants outside of the processing region 233 to provide limited interaction with chamber components and each other prior to being delivered into the processing region.

The showerhead 225 may comprise an upper plate 214 and a lower plate 216. The plates may be coupled with one another to define a volume 218 between the plates. The coupling of the plates may be so as to provide first fluid channels 219 through the upper and lower plates, and second fluid channels 221 through the lower plate 216. The formed channels may be configured to provide fluid access from the volume 218 through the lower plate 216 via second fluid channels 221 alone, and the first fluid channels 219 may be fluidly isolated from the volume 218 between the plates and the second fluid channels 221. The volume 218 may be fluidly accessible through a side of the gas distribution assembly 225.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a showerhead 325 for use with a processing chamber according to embodiments. Showerhead 325 may correspond with the showerhead 225 shown in FIG. 2A. Through-holes 365, which show a view of first fluid channels 219, may have a plurality of shapes and configurations in order to control and affect the flow of precursors through the showerhead 225. Small holes 375, which show a view of second fluid channels 221, may be distributed substantially evenly over the surface of the showerhead, even amongst the through-holes 365, and may help to provide more even mixing of the precursors as they exit the showerhead than other configurations.

FIG. 4A shows a perspective view of an apparatus 400 that includes various components for centering and/or leveling a pedestal of a processing chamber according to embodiments of the present technology. FIG. 4A illustrates that the various components of the apparatus 400 may be placed on a component holder 405 for storage when not used for centering and/or leveling a pedestal of a processing chamber. FIG. 4B shows a cross-sectional view of the apparatus 400 illustrated in FIG. 4A. The apparatus 400 may include a gauge mounting block 410 having mounted thereon a set of first gauges 420 configured for leveling a pedestal of a processing chamber and a set of second gauges 430 configured for centering the pedestal, a centering reference plate 440, a leveling reference plate 450, a zero setter 460, and a gauge spindle compressor 470. The set of first gauges 420 may also be referred to as the set of leveling gauges 420, and the set of second gauges 430 may also be referred to as the set of the centering gauges 430.

With further reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B, the gauge mounting block 410 may be or include an annular body 412 having a central axis. The annular body 412 may include a sidewall 414 about the central axis and an annular ledge 416 radially extending inward from the sidewall 414 toward the central axis. The annular ledge 416 may define a mounting platform 418 on which the set of first gauges 420 and the set of second gauges 430 may be mounted. As will be the described in more detail below, when mounted, the set of first gauges 420 may be positioned radially inward from the annular ledge 416 of the gauge mounting block 410 and may be oriented substantially parallel to the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410. The set of second gauges 430 may be oriented substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410, and a measuring tip 436 of each of the set of second gauges 430 may extend radially beyond the sidewall 414 of the gauge mounting block 410. The gauge mounting block 410 may further include a pair of handles 411.

The sidewall 414 of the gauge mounting block 410 may include a set of reference surfaces 413. The set of reference surfaces 413 may be configured at 90 degree intervals from each other, but may be configured at any other suitable intervals. Each of the set of reference surfaces 413 may be controlled to be flat or substantially flat. Each of the set of reference surfaces 413 may be substantially parallel to the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410. The distances from the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410 to each of the set of reference surfaces 413 may be controlled to be same or substantially same such that each of the set of reference surfaces 413 may be positioned at an equal distance from the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410. The set of reference surfaces 413 may be used to set zeros for the set of second gauges 430 as will be discussed in more detail below.

With reference to FIG. 4B, each of the set of first gauges 420 may include a dial gauge which may include a gauge body 422, a compressible spindle 424 coupled to the gauge body 422, and a measuring tip 426 disposed at the end of the spindle 424. The set of first gauges 420 may be configured to obtain measurements indicative of relative distances between a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410 and measured points or the measuring tip 426 of each of the set of first gauges 420. The measurements obtained by the set of first gauges 420 may be transmitted to a remote computer outside the chamber. In some embodiments, the measurements may be transmitted to the remote computer outside the chamber wirelessly. In some embodiments, each first gauge 420 may include components that may allow the measurements to be transmitted wirelessly to a remote computer using Bluetooth® or other wireless technology. In some embodiments, the measurements obtained by the set of first gauges 420 may be collected by a data collecting module or component inside the chamber, through either a wired connection or a wireless connection with each of the first gauges 420. The collected measurements may then be transmitted to the remote computer outside the chamber by the data collecting module wirelessly. The data collecting module may be configured to transmit the measurements obtained by each first gauge 420 individually or transmit the measurements obtained by all the first gauges 420 collectively as a group. In some embodiments, the measurements obtained by the set of first gauges 420 may be transmitted outside the chamber to a remote computer using wired connections. In some embodiments, the data collecting module may be connected to the remote computer outside the chamber via wired connections. In some embodiments, the individual first gauges 420 may be connected to the remote computer using data wires. In some embodiments, multiple data wires may be used to connect individual first gauges 420 to the remote computer. In some embodiments, the wired connections between the set of first gauges 420 and the remote computer may be established via a multi-wire cable, such as a multi-wire planar cable or ribbon cable.

The gauge body 422 may further include a neck portion 423 for mounting each first gauge 420 to the gauge mounting block 410 via mounting clamps 428 and a mounting bracket 429. The mounting bracket 429 may include two mounting sections that may be oriented substantially perpendicular to each other. One of the mounting sections may be mounted to the mounting platform 418 of the gauge mounting block 410. The neck portion 423 of each first gauge 420 may be held by the mounting clamps 428 to mount the first gauge 420 to the other one of the two perpendicularly arranged sections of the mounting bracket 429. With this mounting configuration, each of the set of first gauges 420, or an axis thereof as defined by the spindle 424 of each of the set of first gauges 420, may be oriented substantially parallel to the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410. With this orientation, the set of first gauges 420 may be configured to determine parallelism between two planes that may be substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410, such as a plane defined by a bottom surface of a plate member in the lid stack of the processing chamber and a plane defined by the top surface of the pedestal as will be discussed in more detail below. The measuring tip 426 may include a flat tip end so that when the set of first gauges 420 may be used to level the pedestal, the tip end may not extend into apertures defined by the plate member, such as holes 365, 375 shown in FIG. 3.

With continued reference to FIG. 4B, each of the set of second gauges 430 may include a dial gauge which may include a gauge body 432, a compressible spindle 434 coupled to the gauge body 432, and a measuring tip 436 disposed at the end of the spindle 434. The set of second gauges 430 may be configured to obtain measurements that may be indicative of relative distances between the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410 and measured points or tip ends of the measuring tips 436 of the set of second gauges 430. The measurements obtained by the set of second gauges 430 may be transmitted to a remote computer outside the chamber wirelessly and/or via wired connections, similar to the wired and/or wireless transmission of measurements by the set of first gauges 420 to a remote computer discussed above. In some embodiments, each second gauge 430 may include components that may allow the measurements to be transmitted wirelessly to a remote computer. In some embodiments, the measurements obtained by the set of second gauges 430 may be collected by a data collecting module or component inside the chamber. The data collecting module may be configured to collect and/or transmit to the remote computer measurements of each second gauge 430 individually or collectively as a group. The data collecting module for collecting the measurements obtained by the set of second gauges 430 may be the same as or different from the data collecting module for collecting the measurements obtained by the set of first gauges 420. When the same data collecting module may be used for collecting the measurements obtained by the set of first gauges 420 and the set of second gauges 430, the data collecting module may be configured to collect and/or transmit to the remote computer the measurements of each first gauge 420 and each second gauge 430 individually or collectively as a group. The data collecting module may be connected to the second gauges 430 through either a wired connection or a wireless connection. The collected measurements may then be transmitted to the remote computer outside the chamber by the data collecting module wirelessly. In some embodiments, the measurements obtained by the second gauges 430 may be transmitted outside the chamber to the remote computer using wired connections. In some embodiments, the data collecting module may be connected to the remote computer using wired connections. In some embodiments, data wires may be used to connect individual second gauges 430 to the remote computer. In some embodiments, a multi-wire cable, such as a multi-wire planar cable or ribbon cable, may be used to connect the set of second gauges 430 with the remote computer. The set of the second gauges 430 and the set of the first gauges 420 may be connected to the remote computer using a common multi-wire cable or different multi-wire cables.

Wirelessly transmitting the measurements obtained the set of first gauges 420 and/or the set of second gauges 430 may facilitate centering and/or leveling the pedestal under vacuum as will be discussed in more detail below. However, by selecting and/or configuring the wired connections appropriately, centering and/or leveling the pedestal under vacuum may also be achieved. Other various data transmission methods and components may be implemented for transmitting the measurements taken by the set of first gauges 420 and/or the second gauges 430 to the remote computer wirelessly or through wired connections.

Mounting clamps 428 may be used to hold a neck portion 433 of each of the set of second gauges 430 to mount each of the set of second gauges 430 to the mounting platform 418 above one reference surface 413 of the set of reference surfaces 413. When mounted, each of the set of second gauges 430, or an axis thereof as defined by the spindle 434 of each of the set of second gauges 430, may be oriented substantially perpendicular to the reference surface 413 below. The measuring tip 436 of each of the set of second gauges 430 may extend radially beyond the reference surface 413 below. As discussed above, the set of reference surfaces 413 may be substantially parallel to the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410. Accordingly, the set of second gauges 430 may be oriented perpendicular to the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410 and perpendicular to the orientation of the set of first gauges 420. With such configuration, the set of second gauges 430 may be configured to determine axial alignment between two members, such as a ring member in the lid stack of the processing chamber and the pedestal as will be discussed in more detail below. The measuring tip 436 may include a roller tip so that when the set of second gauges 430 may be used to centering the pedestal as will be discussed below, the measuring tips 436 of the set of second gauges 430 may slide along surfaces of various components inside the processing chamber without being caught in the gaps between the various components.

The set of first gauges 420 may include three of the first gauges 420. The set of second gauges 430 may include four of the second gauges 430. The first gauges 420 and the second gauges 430 may be mounted in an alternating manner. The four second gauges 430 may be mounted on the gauge mounting block 410 at about 90 degree intervals. The first gauges 420 may each be mounted between two adjacent second gauges 430 and also at about 90 degree intervals. Although three first gauges 420 and four second gauges 430 are described as examples, the apparatus 400 may include more than three first gauges 420, and/or the apparatus 400 may include three or more than four second gauges 430. The first and second gauges 420, 430 may be spaced apart by any degrees of intervals. The first and/or second gauges 420, 430 may be spaced apart by same or different degrees of intervals. The first and second gauges 420, 430 may be arranged in a non-alternating manner or arranged in any order or sequence.

With further reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B, the centering reference plate 440 may include a raised portion that may be characterized by a surface 442 that may be controlled to be flat or substantially flat. The surface 442 may be used to set zero of each of the set of second gauges 430 as will be discussed in more detail below. The centering reference plate 440 may be releasably attached or mounted onto the mounting platform 418 of the gauge mounting block 410 using fasteners or other securing mechanism. In some embodiments, a tether 444 may be used to prevent accidental loss of the centering reference plate 440. A length of the tether 444 may be configured to allow the centering reference plate 440 to reach each of the set of second gauges 430 for zeroing the second gauges. The centering reference plate 440 may include grooves 446 for wrapping the tether 444. The mounting platform 418 may define a recess 448 for receiving the raised portion of the centering reference plate 440. The recess 448 may be characterized by a depth dimension such that, when the raised portion of the centering reference plate 440 may be received within the recess 448, the surface 442 of the centering reference plate 440 may be suspended from a floor of the recess 448 to avoid damages to the surface 442 and to maintain the flatness thereof.

With reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B, the levelling reference plate 450 may include or be a thin, circular plate, although the leveling reference plate 450 may take any other suitable shape. The leveling reference plate 450 may be used with the zero setter 460 to set zero for each of the set of first gauges 420 as will be discussed in more detail below. The leveling reference plate 450 may include a first side 502 and a second side 504 opposite to the first side 502. The first side 502 may define a first surface 505, and the second side 504 may define a second surface 510. The first surface 505 and the second surface 510 may be controlled to be flat or substantially flat such that a high degree of parallelism between the first surface 505 and the second surface 510 may be achieved. The flatness of the first surface 505 and second surface 510 and the parallelism therebetween may facilitate leveling a pedestal of a processing chamber as will be discussed in more detail below.

The first side 502 may further include a pair of first protrusions or bosses 515 a and a pair of second protrusions 520 a, 520 b. The pair of first protrusions 515 a, 515 b and the pair of second protrusions 520 a, 520 b may have the same or substantially the same height to support the leveling reference plate 450 on a supporting surface when the leveling reference plate 450 may not be used. For example, when the leveling reference plate 450 may be stored, the leveling reference plate 450 may be supported by the pair of first protrusions 515 a, 515 b and the pair of second protrusions 520 a, 520 b on a supporting surface 445 of the component holder 405 as shown in FIG. 4B. With this configuration, the first surface 505 of the leveling reference plate 450 may face the supporting surface 445 of the component holder 405 but may not be in contact with the supporting surface 445. Any scratches or other damage to the first surface 505 may be minimized or prevented, and the flatness or substantial flatness of the first side 502 may be maintained. The pair of first protrusions 515 a, 515 b may each define a through hole 517 a, 517 b through which fasteners, such as bolt fasteners, may be placed for securing the leveling reference plate 450 to the component holder 405. To prevent any scratches or other damage to the second surface 510 that may be caused by the fasteners, the second side 504 may include two recesses 518 a, 518 b configured to receive the head of the bolt fasteners such that the flatness of the second surface 510 may be maintained.

The pair of first protrusions 515 a, 515 b may be positioned adjacent a periphery of the leveling reference plate 450. The pair of first protrusions 515 a, 515 b may be positioned diametrically or diagonally opposite to each other at the circumferential edge of the leveling reference plate 450, such as shown in FIG. 5A, but may be positioned at other suitable locations. The pair of second protrusions 520 a, 520 b may be positioned relatively closer to the center of the leveling reference plate 450. The pair of second protrusions 520 a, 520 b may be diametrically or diagonally positioned to each other, such as shown in FIG. 5A, but may be positioned at any suitable location on the first side 502. The pair of second protrusions 520 a, 520 b may be radially aligned with the pair of first protrusions 515 a, 515 b, such as shown in FIG. 5A, but may not be radially aligned with the pair of first protrusions 515 a, 515 b in other embodiments. The pair of second protrusions 520 a, 520 b may support the weight of the zero setter 460 that may be placed at a central region of the leveling reference plate 450 during storage, such as shown in FIG. 4B. The pair of second protrusions 520 a, 520 b may each define an through hole 522 a, 522 b. The through holes 522 a, 522 b may be configured to align with two through holes of the zero setter 460, as will be discussed in more detail below, such that two fasteners may be placed through the through holes 522 a, 522 b and the through holes of the zero setter 460 for securing the zero setter 460 on the leveling reference plate 450 and the component holder 405 as shown in FIG. 4B.

The leveling reference plate 450 may define a pair of openings 525 a, 525 b and a center through hole 530. As will be discussed in more detail below, the center through hole 530 may be utilized by an operator to visually determine the placement of the leveling reference plate 450 on the pedestal, and the pair of openings 525 a, 525 b may be configured to receive a pair of protrusions of the zero setter 460, as will be discussed below, when the leveling reference plate 450 and the zero setter 460 may be used for leveling the pedestal of the processing chamber.

Although a pair of first protrusions 515 a, 515 b, a pair of second protrusions 520 a, 520 b, and a pair of openings 525 a, 525 b are described as examples, the leveling reference plate 450 may include one or more than two first protrusion 515, one or more than two second protrusions, one or more than two openings 525 in various embodiments.

The second side 504 of the leveling reference plate 450 does not include protrusions such that when the leveling reference plate 450 may be placed on the pedestal, the second side 504 of the leveling reference plate 450 may face and be in direct contact with the pedestal for leveling the pedestal as will be discussed in more detail below. Because the leveling reference plate 450 may be placed on and in direct contact with the top surface of the pedestal, to protect the pedestal, the leveling reference plate 450 may be made of a relatively soft material. In some embodiments, the leveling reference plate 450 may be made of plastic, such as any thermoplastics including polyetherimide, polyether ether ketone, among other polymerized materials, but other material that may be softer than the pedestal material may be used.

With reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B, the zero setter 460 may include a cylindrical body 610 and a plate member 630 supported by the cylindrical body 610 when the zero setter 460 may be placed on the leveling reference plate 450 during storage or usage. In some embodiments, the cylindrical body 610 and the plate member 630 may be formed as a unitary body, and the cylindrical body 610 may transition to the plate member 630 via a tapered portion 650. The zero setter 460 and the leveling reference plate 450 may be configured to set zero for each of the set of first gauges 420 as will be discussed in more detail below.

With further reference to FIG. 6B, the cylindrical body 610 may include a first or bottom side 611. The first side may include a first or bottom surface 614, a pair of protrusions 612 a, 612 b extending from the first surface 614, and a pair of recesses 616 a, 616 b formed in the first surface 614. The first surface 614 of the cylindrical body 610 may be controlled to be flat or substantial flat. The pair of protrusions 612 a, 612 b may be configured to be received in the pair of openings 525 a, 525 b of the leveling reference plate 450 when the zero setter 460 may be placed on the first surface 505 of the leveling reference plate 450 for zeroing the set of first gauges 420 for leveling the pedestal as will be discussed in more detail below. Each of the pair of protrusions 612 a, 612 b may be characterized by a height dimension that may be less than a thickness dimension of the leveling reference plate 450 defined by the first surface 505 and the second surface 510 of the leveling reference plate 450. With this configuration, when the pair of protrusions 612 a, 612 b of the zero setter 460 may be received in the pair of openings 525 a, 525 b of the leveling reference plate 450, the protrusions 612 may not extend beyond the second surface 510 of the leveling reference plate 450 so as to prevent the protrusions 612 from scratching the pedestal surface. When the zero setter 460 may be positioned on the first surface 505 of the leveling reference plate 450, the pair of second protrusions 520 a, 520 b on the first surface 505 of the leveling reference plate 450 may be received in the pair of recesses 616 a, 616 b of the zero setter 460.

The pair of protrusions 612 a, 612 b may each be formed with a through hole 618 a, 618 b that may be aligned with one of the through hole 522 a, 522 b formed in the leveling reference plate 450. When the leveling reference plate 450 and the zero setter 460 may be stored, the zero setter 460 may be placed on the second surface 510 of the leveling reference plate 450 with the through holes 618 a, 618 b of the zero setter 460 aligned with the through holes 522 a, 522 b of the leveling reference plate 450. Fasteners may then be placed in the through holes 618 a, 618 b and the through holes 522 a, 522 b from a second side 620 of the zero setter 460 as shown in FIG. 6C to secure the zero setter 460 to the leveling reference plate 450 and the component holder 405 as shown in FIG. 4B. During storage, because zero setter 460 may be supported by the pair of protrusions 612 a, 612 b on the second surface 510 of the leveling reference plate 450, the first surface 614 of the cylindrical body 610 of the zero setter 460 and the second surface 510 of the leveling reference plate 450 may not contact each other. The flatness or substantial flatness of the first surface 614 of the cylindrical body 610 and the second surface 510 may be maintained to facilitate leveling the pedestal as will be discussed in more detail below.

Although pairs of protrusions 612 a, 612 b and recesses 616 a, 616 b are described as exemplary configurations, the cylindrical body 610 may be configured with more or fewer number of protrusions 612 and/or recesses 616. The leveling reference plate 450 and the zero setter 460 may be formed with any number of protrusions 612 and corresponding openings 525, any number of second protrusions 520 and corresponding recesses 616, and/or any corresponding number of through holes 522, 618.

With further reference to FIG. 6B, the plate member 630 may include a first or bottom surface 632. The first surface 632 of the plate member 630 may be controlled to be flat or substantially flat. The zero setter 460 may be configured such that the first surface 632 of the plate member 630 may be parallel or substantially parallel to the first surface 614 of the cylindrical body 610. The flatness or substantial flatness of the first surface 632 of the plate member 630 and the first surface 614 of the cylindrical body 610 and the parallelism or substantial parallelism therebetween may facilitate zeroing the set of first gauges. When the zero setter 460 may be placed on the leveling reference plate 450 for zeroing the set of first gauges, the zero setter 460 may be placed on the second surface 510 of the leveling reference plate 450, and the first surface 632 of the plate member 630 may face the second surface 510 and the pedestal as will be discussed in more detail below.

With reference to FIG. 7A, the gauge spindle compressor 470 may include an annular member 710 and two handles 730 (only one shown in FIG. 7A). The annular member 710 may include a first or upper surface 712 and a second or lower surface 714 opposite to the first surface 712. The gauge spindle compressor 470 may further define two recesses 716 (only one shown in FIG. 7A) in the first surface 712 of the annular member 710. The handles 730 may be received in the recesses 716 and secured to a floor of each of the recesses 716, and the handles 730 may not protrude beyond the first surface 712 of the annular member 710. Although two recesses 716 and two handles 730 are described as examples, any number of recesses and/or handles may be included in various embodiments.

With reference to FIG. 7B, the annular member 710 may further include a third or outer surface 718 and a fourth or tapered inner surface 720. The tapered inner surface 720 may be configured to be tapered outwardly toward the second surface 714 of the annular member 710. The tapered inner surface 720 may be configured to compress the set of second gauges 430 when the gauge spindle compressor 470 may be positioned inside the processing chamber for centering and/or leveling the pedestal as will be discussed in more detail below. The annular member 710 may further include a fifth or non-tapered surface portion 722 that may be aligned with an inner surface of a ring member in a lid stack of the processing chamber as will be discussed in more detail below.

FIG. 8 illustrates exemplary operations in a method 800 for centering and/or leveling a pedestal of a processing chamber, which will be described in conjunction with the illustrations in FIGS. 9A-91I. Method 800 may use various components of the apparatus 400 described above to center and/or level the pedestal. The processing chamber may be similar to the exemplary processing chamber 200 described above with reference to FIG. 2A. The processing chamber may include a chamber body and a lid stack. The lid stack may be configured to be opened and closed relative to the chamber body such that a pressure inside the processing chamber can be reduced toward vacuum when the lid stack may be closed. The pedestal may be positioned inside the chamber body. The lid stack may include one or more plate members, such as faceplate, showerhead, or other gas distribution assembly. The lid stack may further include one or more cylindrical members, such as a spacer ring member that may be in contact with the chamber body when the lid stack may be closed.

At operation 805, method 800 may begin by zeroing the set of second gauges 430, also referred to as the set of centering gauges 430. With reference to FIG. 9A, the surface 442 of the centering reference plate 440 may be brought into contact with one reference surface 413 of the set of reference surfaces 413 to zero the second gauge 430 positioned above the one reference surface 413. As mentioned above, the measuring tip 436 of each of the set of second gauges 430 may be configured to extend radially beyond the reference surface 413 below. Consequently, when the surface 442 of the centering reference plate 440 may contact the reference surface 413, the surface 442 of the centering reference plate 440 may also contact the measuring tip 436 (blocked from view by the centering reference plate 440) of the second gauge 430 above the reference surface 413 and may compress the spindle 434 (blocked from view by the centering reference plate 440) of the second gauge 430. The second gauge 430 may be set to read zero while being compressed by the reference surface 413. The same operation may be performed for each second gauge 430 of the set of second gauges 430.

Once the set of second gauges 430 may be zeroed, measurements made thereafter may represent distances between measured points and the reference surface 413 below the second gauge 430 taking the measurements. As discussed above, the set of reference surfaces 413 may be controlled such that each reference surface 413 of the set of reference surfaces 413 may be positioned at an equal distance from the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410. Consequently, the measurement may indicate relative distances between the measured points and the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410. As will be discussed in more detail below, the gauge mounting block 410 may be placed on a pedestal such that the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410 may be aligned with the central axis of the pedestal. Consequently, the measurements may also be indicative of relative distances between the measured points and the central axis of the pedestal.

At operation 810, the leveling reference plate 450 may be placed on the pedestal 910 inside a chamber body 920 of a processing chamber as shown in FIG. 9B. The center through hole 530 of the leveling reference plate 450 may be used to visually position the leveling reference plate 450 at about a center location on the pedestal 910. Before operation 810, the lid stack (not shown in FIG. 9B) of the processing chamber may be opened, and a pumping liner, similar to the pumping liner 270 discussed above with reference to FIG. 2A, may be removed from the chamber body 920. An edge ring of the pedestal 910, similar to the edge ring 266 discussed above with reference to FIG. 2A, may also be removed from the pedestal 910 such that the gauge mounting block 410 may be subsequently placed on a recessed ledge 914 of the pedestal 910. A pumping channel 930, on which the pumping liner may rest during substrate processing, is shown in FIG. 9B.

When placed on the pedestal 910, the second surface 510 of the leveling reference plate 450 may face and be in direct contact with the pedestal 910. As discussed above, the second surface 510 may be controlled to be flat or substantially flat, and the first surface 505 of the leveling reference plate 450 may be controlled to be flat or substantially flat and to be parallel or substantially parallel to the second surface 510. Consequently, the first surface 505 may be parallel or substantially parallel to a top surface 912 of the pedestal 910.

At operation 815, the gauge mounting block 410 may be placed on the pedestal 910 as shown in FIG. 9C. The gauge mounting block 410 may rest on the recessed ledge 914 of the pedestal 910. The recessed ledge 914 may define a number of recesses, such as three, for receiving a corresponding number of locating pins at a bottom surface of the edge ring for positioning the edge ring on the pedestal 910. The gauge mounting block 410 may include a corresponding number of locating pins protruding from a bottom surface of the sidewall 414 of the gauge mounting block 410. One such locating pin 415 can be seen in FIG. 9A protruding from a bottom surface of the sidewall 414. The locating pins of the gauge mounting block 410 may be positioned in a spatial relationship substantially the same as the locating pins of the edge ring such that they may be received in the recesses defined by the recessed ledge 914 of the pedestal 910, and the gauge mounting block 410 may be supported by the recessed ledge 914 of the pedestal 910. Further, the locating pins of the gauge mounting block 410 may be positioned at appropriate locations at the bottom surface of the sidewall 414 such that when the gauge mounting block 410 may be placed on the recessed ledge 914 of the pedestal 910, the central axis of the gauge mounting block 410 and a central axis of the pedestal 910 may be aligned.

When the gauge mounting block 410 may be placed on the pedestal 910, other than the bottom surface of the sidewall 414, other surfaces or components of the gauge mounting block 410 may not be in direct contact with the pedestal 910. Generally, contact between the various components of the apparatus 400 and the chamber components may be controlled or minimized so as to protect the chamber components from being rubbed or scratched, which may generate particles that can contaminate substrates processed in the chamber. To achieve this, an outer diameter of the sidewall 414 of the gauge mounting block 410 may be configured to be less than an inner diameter of the pumping channel 930 as shown in FIG. 9F. With this configuration, a gap may exist between the sidewall 414 and the pumping channel 930 when the gauge mounting block 410 may be placed on the pedestal 910, and an outer surface of the sidewall 414 may not contact the pumping channel 930 or other components of the processing chamber. An inner diameter of the sidewall 414 may be configured to be greater than an outer diameter of a substrate supporting platter 916 such that an inner surface of the sidewall 414 may not contact a side surface 918 of the pedestal 910. As shown in FIG. 9E, the set of first gauges 420 may be mounted such that when the gauge mounting block 410 may be placed on the pedestal 910, a gap may exist between the set of first gauges 420 and the pedestal 910 to prevent the set of first gauges 420 from contacting the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910.

At operation 820, the zero setter 460 may be placed on the leveling reference plate 450 as shown in FIG. 9D. With reference to FIG. 9E, the first surface 614 of the cylindrical body 610 of the zero setter 460 may rest on and be in direct contact with the first surface 505 of the leveling reference plate 450. The pair of protrusions 612 of the zero setter 460 may be placed inside the pair of openings 525 of the leveling reference plate 450. As discussed above, the thickness of the leveling reference plate 450 as defined by the first surface 505 and the second surface 510 of the leveling reference plate 450 may be greater than the height of the pair of protrusions 612. Accordingly, the pair of protrusions 612 may not extend beyond the second surface 510 of the leveling reference plate 450, and thus may not touch the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910 to prevent any damage to the pedestal 910.

Because the first surface 614 of the cylindrical body 610 of the zero setter 460 may rest on and be in direct contact with the first surface 505 of the leveling reference plate 450, and because the first surface 505 of the leveling reference plate 450 may be parallel or substantially parallel to the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910, the first surface 614 of the cylindrical body 610 may be parallel or substantially parallel to the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910. Because the first surface 632 of the plate member 630 may be controlled to be parallel or substantially parallel to the first surface 614 of the cylindrical body 610, the first surface 632 of the plate member 630 may be parallel or substantially parallel to the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910.

At operation 825, the set of first gauges 420, also referred to as the set of leveling gauges 420, may be zeroed using the zero setter 460 as shown in FIG. 9E. When the zero setter 460 may be placed on the leveling reference plate 450, the spindle 424 of each of the set of first gauges 420 may be compressed by the first surface 632 of the plate member 630 of the zero setter 460. The zero setter 460 may be held in place by its weight or other mechanism so as to maintain the parallelism between the first surface 632 of the plate member 630 and the first surface 505 of the leveling reference plate 450. While the spindles 424 may be compressed by the zero setter 460, the set of first gauges 420 may be zeroed with respect to the first surface 632 of the plate member 630 of the zero setter 460. Because the first surface 632 of the plate member 630 may be parallel or substantially parallel to the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910, once the set of first gauges 420 may be zeroed, measurements made thereafter may indicate relative distances between measured points and the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910. The difference among the readings by the set of first gauges 420 may indicate a degree of parallelism between the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910 and a plane defined by the measured points. After zeroing the set of first gauges 420, the zero setter 460 may be removed.

At operation 830, the gauge spindle compressor 470 may be placed on the pumping channel 930 as shown in FIG. 9F. Referring back to FIG. 9C, the set of second gauges 430 may be mounted on the gauge mounting block 410 such that the measuring tips 436 of the set of second gauges 430 may be positioned above the pumping channel 930. Specifically, the measuring tips 436 may extend radially further outward than an inner surface of the pumping channel 930 but may not extend radially beyond an outer surface of the pumping channel 930. Consequently, when the gauge spindle compressor 470 may be positioned onto the pumping channel 930 as shown in FIG. 9F, the spindles 434 of the set of second gauges 430 may be compressed gradually by the tapered inner surface 720 as the rollers of the measuring tips 436 may glide along the tapered inner surface 720 of the gauge spindle compressor 470. By compressing the spindles 434 of the set of second gauges 430, the length of the spindles 434 may be reduced for subsequent entry into a region defined by a spacer ring 940 of the processing chamber as shown in FIG. 9G.

As shown in FIG. 9F, an outer diameter of the gauge spindle compressor 470 as defined by the outer surface 718 of the gauge spindle compressor 470 may be substantially the same as or similar to an inner diameter of the chamber body 920 defined by the portion of the inner surface of the chamber body 920 that may surround the gauge spindle compressor 470. Consequently, the gauge spindle compressor 470 may not shift relative to the pumping channel 930 when the gauge spindle compressor 470 may compress the spindles 434 of the second gauges 430. To facilitate the entry into the region defined by the spacer ring 940, the non-tapered surface portion 722 of the gauge spindle compressor 470 may be configured with an inner diameter such that the non-tapered surface portion 722 may be aligned with an inner surface of the spacer ring 940 as shown in FIG. 9G. The rollers of the measuring tips 436 of the set of second gauges 430 may also prevent the measuring tips 436 from being caught in the gap between the spacer ring 940 and the gauge spindle compressor 470. Once the gauge spindle compressor 470 may be placed on the pumping channel 930 inside the chamber body 920, the lid stack may be closed, and the chamber may be pumped down to vacuum.

At operation 835, the pedestal 910 may be raised or translate upward such that the measuring tips 426 of the set of first gauges 420 may contact and be compressed by a plate member 950 in the lid stack as shown in FIG. 9G, and the pedestal 910 may be leveled based on measurements by the set of first gauges 420. As discussed above, the measuring tips 426 of the set of first gauges 420 may be flat to ensure that they may not enter into any apertures defined by the plate member 950, but may press against a bottom surface 960 of the plate member 950. The plate member 950 may be the lowest positioned plate member 950 in the lid stack. Depending on the chamber configuration, the plate member 950 may be or include a gas distribution member or plate, such as a faceplate, showerhead, or other gas distribution assembly. At operation 835, the set of second gauges 430 may also enter into the region defined by the spacer ring 940 of the lid stack.

As discussed above, the difference among the measurements or readings by the set of first gauges 420 may indicate a degree of parallelism between the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910 and a plane defined by the measured points. When the gauge spindles 424 may be compressed by the bottom surface 960 of the plate member 950, the difference among the measurements by the set of first gauges 420 may indicate a degree of parallelism between the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910 and the bottom surface 960 of the plate member 950. The measurements or readings may be transmitted wirelessly or via wired connections to a remote device, such as mobile phone, tablet, laptop, and so on, outside the chamber. An operator may then adjust the orientation and/or tilt of the pedestal 910 using levelling adjustment screws of the pedestal 910 until all readings obtained by the set of first gauges 420 may read the same, indicating the top surface 912 of the pedestal 910 may be parallel or substantially parallel to the bottom surface 960 of the plate member 950. Accordingly, the pedestal 910 or the top surface 912 thereof may be leveled with respect to the plate member 950 or the bottom surface 960 thereof.

Once the pedestal 910 may be leveled, the pedestal 910 may be lowered to create a gap or clearance between the measuring tips 436 of the set of second gauges 430 and the bottom surface 960 of the plate member 950 as shown in FIG. H, while the measuring tips 436 of the set of second gauges 430 may still press against the inner surface of the spacer ring 940. With this clearance, the bottom surface 960 may be protected from being scratched by movement of the gauge mounting block 410 and/or the measuring tips 436 of the set of second gauges 430 during the subsequent centering operation 840 based on the readings from the set of second gauges 430.

At operation 840, the pedestal 910 may be centered based on the readings from the set of second gauges 430, which may be transmitted wirelessly or via wired connections outside the chamber to the remote device. As discussed above, the set of second gauges 430 may include four second gauges 430, spaced apart by 90 degrees. Stated differently, the set of second gauges 430 include two pairs of diagonally positioned second gauges 430. As also discussed above, the readings or measurements by second gauges 430 may be indicative of the relative distances between the measured points and the central axis of the pedestal 910. Consequently, when the operator adjust the centering adjustment screws of the pedestal 910 so that the readings of two diagonally opposite second gauges 430 may be adjusted to be the same, the pedestal 910 may be centered or co-axially aligned with the spacer ring 940 in the lid stack.

In some embodiments, the pedestal 910 may include four centering adjustment screws. Each of the four second gauges 430 may be substantially vertically aligned with one of the four centering adjustment screws. Such vertical alignment between the centering adjustment screws and the set of second gauges 430 may result in a direct correspondence between changes in the readings of the second gauges 430 and adjustments made by the screws, which can be easier for an operator to center the pedestal 910. However, any appropriate number of the second gauges 430 may be employed, and the second gauges 430 may not be aligned with the centering adjustment screws of the pedestal 910.

Once the pedestal 910 may be centered and/or leveled, the pedestal 910 may be lowered. The pressure of the processing chamber may be brought to atmosphere, and the lid stack may be opened. The gauge mounting block 410, the gauge spindle compressor 470, and the leveling reference plate 450 may be removed from the processing chamber, and the pumping liner may be placed back inside the processing chamber.

Testing has shown that once a pedestal of a processing chamber may be centered and/or leveled using the apparatus 400 and/or method 800 described herein, the axial alignment between the pedestal and lid stack components and/or the parallelism between the pedestal and the lid stack components may be maintained, even though the chamber may be opened to remove the apparatus 400. Although the centering and/or leveling operations may be performed under vacuum, the centering and/or leveling operations may also be performed without reducing the pressure inside the chamber, such as under atmospheric conditions.

In the preceding description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous details have been set forth in order to provide an understanding of various embodiments of the present technology. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art, however, that certain embodiments may be practiced without some of these details, or with additional details.

Having disclosed several embodiments, it will be recognized by those of skill in the art that various modifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents may be used without departing from the spirit of the embodiments. Additionally, a number of well-known processes and elements have not been described in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present technology. Accordingly, the above description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the technology. Additionally, methods or processes may be described as sequential or in steps, but it is to be understood that the operations may be performed concurrently, or in different orders than listed.

Where a range of values is provided, it is understood that each intervening value, to the smallest fraction of the unit of the lower limit, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, between the upper and lower limits of that range is also specifically disclosed. Any narrower range between any stated values or unstated intervening values in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed. The upper and lower limits of those smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range, and each range where either, neither, or both limits are included in the smaller ranges is also encompassed within the technology, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where the stated range includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding either or both of those included limits are also included.

As used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “a precursor” includes a plurality of such precursors, and reference to “the layer” includes reference to one or more layers and equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art, and so forth.

Also, the words “comprise(s)”, “comprising”, “contain(s)”, “containing”, “include(s)”, and “including”, when used in this specification and in the following claims, are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, components, or operations, but they do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, components, operations, acts, or groups. 

1. An apparatus, comprising: an annular mounting block having a central axis, a sidewall about the central axis, and a mounting platform extending radially inward from the sidewall toward the central axis; a plurality of first gauges mounted on the mounting platform such that the plurality of first gauges are oriented substantially parallel to the central axis, the plurality of first gauges configured to obtain a first plurality of measurements indicative of relative distances between a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the annular mounting block and measured points; and a plurality of second gauges mounted on the mounting platform such that the plurality of second gauges are oriented substantially perpendicular to the central axis and a measuring tip of each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges extends radially beyond the sidewall of the annular mounting block, the plurality of second gauges configured to obtain a second plurality of measurements indicative of relative distances between the central axis of the annular mounting block and measured points.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of first gauges comprise at least three dial gauges, and wherein the plurality of second gauges comprise at least three dial gauges.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a measuring tip of each first gauge of the plurality of first gauges comprises a flat tip, and wherein the measuring tip of each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges comprises a roller tip.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sidewall of the annular mounting block is characterized by a plurality of reference surfaces, wherein each reference surface of the plurality of reference surfaces is substantially parallel to the central axis of the annular mounting block and positioned at an equal distance from the central axis of the annular mounting block, and wherein each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges is mounted above one reference surface of the plurality of reference surfaces such that the measuring tip of each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges extends radially beyond the reference surface of the plurality of reference surfaces below.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a reference plate having a raised portion characterized by a flat surface, wherein the reference plate is releasably attached to the mounting platform of the annular mounting block, wherein the annular mounting block defines a recess such that, when the reference plate is attached to the annular mounting block, the raised portion of the reference plate is received within the recess of the annular mounting block, and the flat surface faces a floor of the recess and is suspended from the floor of the recess.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a gauge spindle compressor positionable about the central axis of the annular mounting block and defining a tapered inner surface, wherein the tapered inner surface is configured to compress a gauge spindle of each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges when the gauge spindle compressor is positioned about the central axis of the annular mounting block and the annular mounting block translates along the central axis of the annular mounting block.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a leveling reference plate characterized by: a first surface; a second surface opposite to the first surface; and a plurality of openings; a zero setter comprising: a cylindrical body having a plurality of protrusions extending from a first surface of the cylindrical body, wherein each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions of the zero setter is configured to be received in an opening of the plurality of openings of the leveling reference plate, and wherein each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions is characterized by a height dimension less than a thickness dimension of the leveling reference plate defined by the first surface and the second surface of the leveling reference plate such that the plurality of protrusions do not extend beyond the second surface of the leveling reference plate when the plurality of protrusions of the zero setter are received in the plurality of openings of the leveling reference plate; and a plate member supported by the cylindrical body, wherein when the plurality of protrusions of the zero setter are received in the plurality of openings of the leveling reference plate, the zero setter is supported by the leveling reference plate such that a first surface of the plate member of the zero setter is parallel to the first surface of the leveling reference plate.
 8. A method comprising: collecting, via a plurality of first dial gauges, a first set of measurements indicative of relative distances between a plurality of locations at a gas distribution member of a semiconductor processing chamber and a top surface of a pedestal of the semiconductor processing chamber; and adjusting the pedestal to a first position based on the first set of measurements such that the top surface of the pedestal is substantially parallel to a bottom surface of the gas distribution member.
 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising: reducing a pressure inside the semiconductor processing chamber toward vacuum prior to collecting the first set of measurements.
 10. The method of claim 8, further comprising: raising the pedestal to position a flat tip of a gauge spindle of each first dial gauge of the plurality of first dial gauges in contact with the bottom surface of the gas distribution member.
 11. The method of claim 8, further comprising: zeroing the plurality of first dial gauges with respect to the top surface of the pedestal.
 12. The method of claim 8, further comprising: collecting, via a plurality of second dial gauges, a second set of measurements indicative of relative distances between a plurality of locations at a ring member of the semiconductor processing chamber and a central axis of the pedestal; and adjusting the pedestal to a second position based on the second set of measurements such that the central axis of the pedestal and a central axis of the ring member are aligned.
 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: placing a gauge spindle compressor inside a chamber body of the semiconductor processing chamber, wherein the gauge spindle compressor comprises a tapered inner surface; and raising the pedestal to cause a roller tip of a gauge spindle of each second dial gauge of the plurality of second dial gauges to slide along the tapered inner surface and pass the tapered inner surface until the roller tip of the gauge spindle of each second dial gauge of the plurality of second dial gauges is positioned against an inner surface of the ring member of the semiconductor processing chamber.
 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the plurality of first dial gauges and the plurality of second dial gauges are mounted on a mounting block, the method further comprising: placing the mounting block around the pedestal, wherein the mounting block comprises a plurality of protrusions to be received inside a plurality of recesses at the pedestal such that, when the mounting block is placed around the pedestal, a central axis of the mounting block and the central axis of the pedestal are aligned.
 15. An apparatus comprising: a gauge mounting block; a plurality of first gauges mounted on the gauge mounting block, the plurality of first gauges configured to obtain measurements indicative of a degree of parallelism between a first component of a lid stack of a semiconductor processing chamber and a pedestal of the semiconductor processing chamber; and a plurality of second gauges mounted on the gauge mounting block, the plurality of second gauges configured to obtain measurements indicative of a degree of axial alignment between a second component of the lid stack and the pedestal.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the semiconductor processing chamber further comprises a chamber body, wherein the lid stack is configured to be opened and closed relative to the chamber body such that a pressure inside the semiconductor processing chamber can be reduced toward vacuum when the lid stack is closed, wherein the plurality of first gauges are configured to obtain the measurements indicative of the degree of parallelism between the first component of the lid stack and the pedestal under vacuum, and wherein the plurality of second gauges are configured to obtain the measurements indicative of the degree of axial alignment between the second component of the lid stack and the pedestal under vacuum.
 17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the gauge mounting block include a central axis, a sidewall about the central axis, and a mounting platform extending radially inward from the sidewall toward the central axis, wherein the plurality of first gauges and the plurality of second gauges are mounted on the mounting platform, and wherein the plurality of second gauges are oriented substantially perpendicular to the plurality of first gauges.
 18. The apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a gauge spindle compressor configured to be positioned about a central axis of the pedestal, wherein the gauge spindle compressor comprises a tapered inner surface configured to engage and compress a roller tip of each second gauge of the plurality of second gauges.
 19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the first component of the lid stack comprises a plate member, and wherein the degree of parallelism is determined between a lower surface of the plate member and an upper surface of the pedestal.
 20. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the second component of the lid stack comprises a ring member. 